美国一位教授在学生作业中发现了一篇几乎完美的论文，好到远远超出他对学生的预期。于是，教授拿着这篇论文去问人工智能工具ChatGPT，果然验证了自己的怀疑……↓

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据《商业内幕》网报道，美国北密歇根大学宗教研究和哲学教授安东尼·奥曼（Antony Aumann）发现有两名学生提交了ChatGPT写的论文。

Antony Aumann, a religious studies and philosophy professor at Northern Michigan University, told Insider he had caught two students submitting essays written by the AI chatbot ChatGPT.

奥曼教授在接受CGTN采访时讲道，“这篇文章写得比我的大多数学生都要好，语法太完美，结构太合理（too sound），观点太前卫（too advanced），好到不符合我对学生的预期，这亮起了红灯（red flag）。”

为了验证自己的怀疑，他把学生的论文输入到ChatGPT里问，“这是你写的吗？” 而ChatGPT答道："99.9% 的概率是的。"

"The red flag was that the essay was written better than most of my students can write. The grammar was too perfect, the structure was too sound, and the ideas were kind of too advanced for what I would expect from my students.” Aumann said in an interview, “So, what I did was, I took that essay and submitted it to ChatGPT, and I asked it, 'Hey, did you write this?' It replied that there was a 99.9 percent chance that it did."

此外，美国弗曼大学哲学系教授达伦·希克（Darren Hick）同样发现，一名学生交了一篇人工智能ChatGPT生成的论文。

希克教授表示，当他发现这篇论文里有一些写得很好的错误信息（well-written misinformation）时，他就开始怀疑了。在使用ChatGPT检测器后，结果显示，这篇文章有99%的可能性是人工智能生成的。

A few weeks after the launch of ChatGPT, Darren Hick, a philosophy professor at Furman University, said he caught a student turning in an AI-generated essay.

Hick said he grew suspicious when the student turned in an on-topic essay that included some well-written misinformation.

After running it through Open AI's ChatGPT detector, the results said it was 99% likely the essay had been AI-generated.

这两位教授都表示，在他们与学生对峙后，学生们都承认了违规行为。最终，希克教授的学生考试不及格，奥曼教授则让他的学生重写论文。

Both Hick and Aumann said they confronted their students, all of whom eventually confessed to the infraction. Hick's student failed the class and Aumann had his students rewrite the essays from scratch.

奥曼教授表示，“我希望学生们真正学到知识，而他们能做到这一点的唯一方法就是真正由自己完成作业。”

"I want the students to actually learn the material, and the only way they can do that is by actually completing the assignment," Aumann said.

《商业内幕网》报道：两名教授表示发现学生使用ChatGPT在论文中作弊，他们解释了为什么人工智能抄袭很难被证明

不仅仅是大学教授在为ChatGPT等人工智能聊天机器人的崛起而困扰。据《纽约时报》报道，由于几乎所有能上网的人都能使用这些人工智能工具，美国各地的教育部门都在调整工作流程，重新设计整个课程，迫使学生提交手写论文或引入口试（oral exams）。

It's not just Aumann struggling with the rise of AI chatbots like ChatGPT. As a result of these tools becoming accessible to pretty much anybody with an internet connection, education departments across the entire country are adjusting workflows and redesigning entire courses, according to the NYT, forcing students to submit handwritten essays or introducing oral exams.

此外，纽约市和西雅图的公立学校已经完全禁止在他们自己的网络和设备上使用ChatGPT。

The New York City and Seattle public school systems have already banned ChatGPT outright on own networks and devices.

对此，奥曼教授表示，他认为“禁令背后的情绪是合理的”。“学校希望确保学生学习和拥有批判性思维（critical thinking），这是学习写作的一部分。”

"I think the sentiment behind the ban is reasonable," Aumann said. "They want to make sure that their students are learning the critical thinking skills that are part of learning how to write."

然而，大学不太可能效仿。毕竟，学生绕开这些限制是非常容易的。即使是那些旨在帮助教师发现学生偷偷使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具的检测工具，也可能没有多大用处。

But universities aren't likely to follow suit. After all, skirting around these restrictions is trivially easy. Even tools designed to assist teachers in catching students secretly making use of AI tools like ChatGPT will likely be of little use.

“学生可以修改ChatGPT生成的几个单词，加入一些语法错误，检测工具就发现不了这是聊天机器人写的了。” 奥曼教授表示，“这些检测工具也会随着时间的推移而改进吗？会。但可能还不足以跟上人工智能聊天机器人本身的发展速度。”

"Students can change a few words from what ChatGPT produced, introduce some grammatical infelicities, and the detectors no longer think it's written by a chatbot," Aumann said. "Will these detectors also improve with time? Yes. But probably not enough to keep pace with the development of the chatbots themselves."

 

奥曼教授还认为，随着ChatGPT的发布，木已成舟（the cat is already out of the bag），所以在课堂上与ChatGPT对抗是毫无意义的。

Besides, the cat is already out of the bag — so it'd be pointless to fight ChatGPT in the classroom, the professor argued.

就算学校禁止使用，“学生们一毕业就可以使用它，”他说。“此外，学生们本来就在哀叹‘现实生活’和‘学术’之间存在巨大鸿沟。因此，在我看来，忽视ChatGPT或只是试图阻止它的使用是一个巨大的错误，”教授总结道。

"Students will have access to it the second they graduate," he said. "Plus, students already lament that there is a big gulf between 'real life' and 'academia.'"

"So, ignoring ChatGPT or just trying to prevent its use is a big mistake, in my mind," Aumann concluded.

对奥曼教授来说，他已经决定调整自己的论文写作课程，要求学生在课堂上用正在被实时监控（actively monitored）的电脑来写作初稿。他还计划鼓励他的哲学系学生“像对待其他哲学资源一样对待ChatGPT”，这意味着他们将被要求评估其论据和论点（reasons and arguments）。

For his part, Aumann has decided to adjust his own essay writing course, and will require drafts to be written in the classroom on computers that are being actively monitored.

He's planning on encouraging his philosophy students to "react to ChatGPT in the same way they would any other philosophical source," meaning that they will be asked to evaluate its reasons and arguments.

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