最近，一条“裸眼视力考核纳入中考”的话题冲上热搜，引发网友争议。

近日，山西省长治市将裸眼视力和体重考核结果纳入中考总成绩的消息，引发社会关注。

A city in North China's Shanxi Province has drawn controversy after setting eyesight and weight as part of middle school students' graduation tests results.

长治市有关部门表示，将裸眼视力和体重考核纳入中考，是长治市中考改革的一部分。2019年6月，长治市宣布从2022年开始，本市中考将增设学生综合素质评价50分，其中身体素质占20分。

Authorities in the city of Changzhi, Shanxi, said that including the two indexes in the examinations, which determine whether students can gain admittance into the high school of their choice, is part of the city's educational reform efforts. The city announced that from 2022, the city's graduation tests will add 50 points for students' comprehensive qualities, of which physical fitness accounts for 20 points. 

身体素质的20分包括10分的过程性评价和10分的结果性评价。过程性评价重点考查学生参与各项体育活动、心理健康表现等情况；结果性评价主要考查学生体重、裸眼视力情况，各占5分。

据介绍，对裸眼视力的考察，最高分和最低分最多相差两分。“我们将裸眼视力分为三档，大于等于4.9为正常视力，得5分，4.6到4.8之间为中度近视，得4分，小于等于4.5为重度近视，得3分。”长治市教育局相关负责人表示。

For full five marks, students will be rated for three different levels of their eyesight. Those who are deemed as "seriously short-sighted" will get a three, the lowest score.

体重的考查则由体重指数（BMI）来衡量，男生15.8到22.8之间、女生16到22.6之间为正常，得5分；男生小于等于15.7、女生小于等于15.9为低体重，得4分；男生22.9到26之间、女生22.7到25.1之间为超重，得4分；男生大于等于26.1、女生大于等于25.2为肥胖，得3分。最高分和最低分同样相差两分。

相关规定引发微博热议，有网友指出，这项标准可能有失公平，尤其对于天生视力不佳的学生、不能负担矫正视力费用的贫困家庭而言，“涉嫌基因与经济双重歧视”。

The regulation led to debate on Chinese social media platforms, with many people saying that it is unfair for those who have congenital myopia. There has been heated debate over whether the move is unfair and discriminates against students who have genetically poor eyesight and lower income families who can't afford corrective surgery.




首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科副主任熊瑛表示，虽然比较希望教育部门和学校能够加大一些未成年人近视防控的举措，但是这么做确实有“偏心”与“歧视”之嫌。 



另有网友认为，有的学生体重较重，并非由于缺乏锻炼，很有可能是因为患有某种疾病服药所致。

Others said some students may have become fat not because of lack of exercise, but as a result of medication taken for certain illnesses. 

面对公众关切，当地教育部门回应表示：“这两项考核，考生最后得分差距并不大，主要是想起到一个导向作用，引导青少年自觉加强体育锻炼、保护视力，提高身体素质。”

In response to public questions, local education authorities explained that the move aimed to encourage teenagers to get more exercise and protect their vision.

对于先天性近视的学生，家长可提供孩子自近视以来的医院就诊及治疗相关证明材料，学校审核公示无异议后，可直接得5分；因意外事故导致裸眼视力受损的学生，可通过医疗部门出具诊断证明，学校审核公示无异议后，也可以得5分。同样的，“对于吃含激素药物导致肥胖的学生，如果在用药期间，家长可提供医疗部门出具的诊断证明，学校审核公示无异议后得5分”，这位负责人说。

They also gave assurances that those with congenital myopia or obesity from taking medication will not be affected as long as they can provide medical certificates.

在这两项考核引发争议的背后，则是中国近年来出现了越来越多的近视眼和超重学生。


图源：视觉中国

The controversy comes amid a severe situation in China which has seen the number of students who have become short-sighted and obese increasing in recent years.  

据新华每日电讯报道，8月27日，教育部调查显示，与2019年底相比，半年来学生近视率增加了11.7%。

而国家卫健委2019年发布的相关调查数据显示，全国青少年总体近视率为53.6%。其中，高中生近视率高达81%。

Figures released by the National Health Commission of China last year show the average rate of nearsightedness among Chinese teenagers has reached 53.6 percent. Chinese senior high school students are the hardest-hit, as 81 percent of Chinese teenagers between age 16 and 18 have this eye condition.

不过，增加考核就可以防止学生近视和肥胖吗？

21世纪教育研究院院长熊丙奇接受澎湃新闻采访时表示，如果真的“最终得分差距并不大”，那么，按照当前的中考竞争格局，此举可能起不到什么实质性的导向作用，而且在具体落实过程中，也可能不会引起教育部门、学校的重视，最终仍会按照大家“分数差不多”来执行。从这个层面讲，重视保护学生视力，则会有异化为形式主义的可能。

央视新闻报道中指出，长治市的教改措施让社会愈发意识到青少年视力保护的重要性，不过新规是倒逼护眼还是给学生增负，仍是一个未知数。网友则表示，探究近视、超重高发原因，避免其发生才是根本原因。

综合来源：环球时报英文版网站，CGTN，澎湃新闻，央视新闻，新华每日电讯