当地时间5日，美国总统特朗普签署了针对数家中国应用软件的行政命令，禁止这些软件进行交易。

CNN：特朗普签署新命令，将禁止部分中国应用交易



CNN报道称，在距离任期没剩下几天的时间里，特朗普继续向中国科技公司施加压力。当天，特朗普签署行政命令禁止8家中国软件进行交易，包括支付宝、CamScanner、QQ钱包、SHAREit、腾讯QQ、微信支付和WPS Office。

U.S President Donald Trump is continuing to pile the pressure on Chinese tech companies in the closing days of his administration. The order prohibits transactions with Alipay, CamScanner, QQ Wallet, SHAREit, Tencent QQ, VMate, WeChat Pay, and WPS Office.

CNN的报道指出，目前尚不清楚禁令会从何时开始生效。如果是从现在开始计算45天生效的话，特朗普就已经离开白宫了。此前，特朗普针对中国科技企业的禁令就“陷入麻烦”。比如一项关于禁止在美国下载微信的政令就被一名联邦法官阻止了，另有多个法庭暂时“封杀”了特朗普的抖音禁令。

It's not at all clear how effective this order will be. It is set to take effect 45 days from now, well after Trump leaves office. Prior orders that Trump has issued against Chinese tech firms have run into trouble. An order banning WeChat downloads in the United States was temporarily blocked by a federal judge, for example. Multiple courts have also issued temporary injunctions against the administration's attempts to ban the short-form video app TikTok.

路透社的报道则指出，对于拜登而言，他可以在上任美国总统的第一天就推翻这一禁令，其过渡团队并未立刻对此事做出回应。另有一名美国高级官员对路透社表示，尽管这一行政命令45天后生效，但是美商务部计划在1月20日美国总统就任典礼前就禁止上述软件的交易。

Biden could, however, revoke the order on the first day of his presidency, though his transition team did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the matter. Despite the 45-day time line laid out by the order, the Commerce Department plans to act before Jan. 20 to identify prohibited transactions, another U.S. official told Reuters.

根据外媒报道可以看出，此次禁令依然是以所谓美国国家安全为借口：

BBC的报道显示，政令内容称“美国必须采取激进行动应对那些开发、掌控中国关联软件应用的公司，保护美国国家安全。”

"The United States must take aggressive action against those who develop or control Chinese connected software applications to protect our national security," the order said.
 



 
该政令称，“通过个人电子设备，诸如：智能手机、平板以及电脑等，中国相关的软件应用可以访问并获取大量用户个人信息，包括敏感的个人识别信息和隐私。”

The order says "by accessing personal electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers, Chinese connected software applications can access and capture vast swaths of information from users, including sensitive personally identifiable information and private information."

中国外交部：美方损人不利己

1月6日外交部发言人华春莹主持例行记者会，有记者提问：“美国总统特朗普6日签署行政令，禁止与包括支付宝、微信支付在内的8款中国应用程序的开发者和控制者交易，理由是这可能威胁美国公民的隐私和数据安全。中方对此有何评论？中方是否将采取反制措施？”


图源：外交部网站

华春莹表示：

“这是美方泛化国家安全概念、滥用国家力量，无理打压外国企业的霸凌霸道霸权行径的又一例证，损人不利己。有关措施当然会对中国相关企业产生一些影响，但更重要的是将损害美国消费者利益和美国国家利益。美方做法给世人提供了一份生动教材，让大家看到美方嘴上讲着自由市场经济和公平竞争，但实际是怎么做的。”

"This is another example of the United States wantonly bullying foreign companies by abusing state power on the untenable ground of national security. Such hegemonic practice serves the interests of none. The measures will doubtlessly have some effect on Chinese companies, but more importantly, what will suffer at the end of the day is the interests of American consumers, and the national interests of the United States itself. What the United States has been doing is a vivid textbook on double-facing on its much-touted free market economy and fair competition."

“我们注意到美方声称禁止支付宝和微信支付的理由是‘保护美国公民的隐私和数据安全’。但事实是，美国一直是地球上最大的‘黑客帝国’，运用其强大的技术能力，无孔不入、无处不在地监控本国人民，监听世界各国人民，窃取各种数据，其盟友也不能幸免。美方手段包括在应用程序中设置‘后门’，胁迫电信运营商，这从早已曝光的‘脏盒’、 ‘棱镜门’、 ‘怒角计划’中大家已经看得非常清楚了。” 

"The U.S. side claims that the ban on Alipay and WeChat Pay is to protect American citizens' privacy and data security. However, the fact is, the United States is unrivalled when it comes to telecom theft. Its strong surveillance and highly resourceful means has rendered privacy or data security nothing but fiction for the American people and people in other countries. It steals data from everywhere and everyone, and its allies are not spared either. We all know the moves it employs-installing backdoors and pressuring telecom carriers from already disclosed ‘Dirtbox’, ‘PRIS’ and ‘Irritant Horn’. "

“美方一边无差别地实施全球监控窃密，另一方面毫无根据地指责其他国家，这好比一个江洋大盗一边肆无忌惮地行窃，另一边嚷嚷着要保护自己免于被盗，这是多么虚伪可笑！”

"While conducting non-discriminatory surveillance and theft, the United States has been blaming others with no evidence at all. This is like a habitual thief blatantly stealing from others while asserting its own right to be free from theft. How hypocritical and preposterous!"

 “我还想说，科学技术发展应该是一种向善的力量，应该服务于全人类的进步和福祉，而不是以意识形态划线，更不应成为政治操弄的工具。美方对中国领先技术草木皆兵，甚至将科技本身意识形态化、武器化，这一方面是美方自己内心镜像的反映，另一方面也显示出现在的美国极度不自信。”

“I would like to add that science and technology should be a force for good in the service of human progress and welfare. It should not be ranked superior or inferior based on ideology, still less should it be used as a tool for political manipulation. The United States is so paranoid about China's scientific progress, even going so far as to make it a matter of ideology. This exposes its severe lack of confidence and reluctance to make new progress.”

“我们敦促美方切实尊重市场经济和公平竞争原则，遵守国际经贸规则，为包括中国企业在内的各国企业在美投资经营提供开放、公平、公正、非歧视的营商环境。中方将继续采取必要举措维护中国企业的正当、合法权益。”

"We urge the U.S. side to earnestly respect market economy and fair competition principles, abide by international trade rules and provide an open, fair, just and non-discriminatory environment for foreign companies, including Chinese ones to invest and operate. The Chinese side will continue taking necessary measures to safeguard Chinese companies' legitimate rights and interests."

美媒：令人意外的临别狠话

距离拜登入主白宫还有几周时间，但特朗普政府还一直在向中国企业施压。

The Trump administration has been ratcheting up its pressure on Chinese firms in the weeks before Biden takes office.

《纽约时报》的报道称特朗普的这一举动“令人意外的临别狠话”：
 


文章称，距离特朗普任期只有两周时间，此举帮助他巩固了自己的强硬对华态度，并且会进一步激怒中国。

The move, two weeks before the end of Trump’s term, could help lock in his administration’s harsher stance toward China and is likely to further rankle Beijing.

美国华盛顿战略与信息研究中心资深顾问斯科特•肯尼迪接受CNN采访时表达了相似观点，特朗普政府一系列制裁行为，旨在限制中美关系发展，特朗普希望中方反制、希望中美关系恶化，让拜登束手束脚。

"The Trump administration is still rushing through its list of penalties to restrict the US-China relationship in hope of inducing China into retaliating, further worsening ties, and tying [President-elect Joe] Biden's hands," said Scott Kennedy, senior adviser at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.

肯尼迪称，尽管这些针对软件的禁令“很具有破坏性”，但是实际效果还是要取决于是否真的能有效实施。

He said that, while the restrictions on these apps are meant to be "highly disruptive," it remains to be seen whether they will actually be implemented.

综合来源：路透社，CNN，BBC， New York Times，观察者网