“家庭那么困难，我们把你供到现在，你现在反而当起了全职太太。” “女人要靠自己，不能就靠男人。”这两天，曾改变1800多名大山女孩命运的华坪女高校长张桂梅，因一段热传的采访视频，被推上了舆论的风口浪尖。

 

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视频里，张桂梅校长表示自己多年培养的一名学生要为母校捐款，但她不仅拒绝了还批评了她，因为这名学生如今在当“全职太太”。

 

视频来源：@凤凰卫视胡玲

 

这段采访视频迅速引起热议，网友在评论区各抒己见。有人认为，张桂梅校长的做法过激了，当不当家庭主妇都是“个人选择“。

 

 

不过，也有一大波网友支持张桂梅校长，认为她的话“一针见血”；“经济独立是个人自由的基础”。

 

 

更有网友反驳说，那些认为张校长这番话“极端”的人，应该“先了解一下张校长办女校的初衷”。

 

 

中国青年报在《校长反对毕业生当全职太太：不是歧视是忧虑》一文中指出，理论上讲，不论学历高低，只要做全职太太是女性的自主选择，就应当被充分尊重，而不是用工具理性判断这是否是“浪费”。可是基于华坪女高的学生特殊状况而言，张桂梅校长的痛心也有其渊源。在张桂梅含辛茹苦、投入资源帮这些女孩走出大山，本希望用教育改变她们的命运，以知识武装赋予她们真正独立的勇气和能力，避免早早成为男性的“附属”。在张校长眼中，做全职太太就像是一种“出走”之后的倒退和回复，辜负了多年的努力。

 

的确，不了解张桂梅校长的经历，或许也无法理解她何出此言。

 

被誉为“燃灯校长”的她，2008年筹办了全国第一所免费公办女子高中——云南丽江华坪女子高级中学。建校12年来，已有1800多名贫困山区里的女孩从这里走进大学。

 

图源：央视新闻

 

2019年高考，华坪女高118名毕业生，一本上线率达到40.67%，本科上线率82.37%，排名丽江市第一。今年，159人参加高考，其中150人上本科线，本科率94.3%。

 

能取得这样的成绩，都离不开张桂梅校长。现年63岁的她，一直在为消除山区里女孩们所面临的教育不平等而奋斗。

 

Located in Huaping county in Lijiang, Southwest China's Yunnan province, the Huaping High School for Girls is well-known not only because it is the first girls' public high school in the nation that does not charge tuition fees, but also for its high percentage of graduates who enter universities — last year, the school's university admission rate ranked first among all high schools in Lijiang.

 

None of this would have happened without Zhang Guimei. The 63-year-old has been fighting the inequality and prejudice girls face in the mountains for a long time.

 

在今年6月央视新闻《面对面》节目播出的专访《张桂梅：大山里的女校》中，我们更进一步了解到张桂梅的经历。

 

视频来源：央视新闻

 

2001年，当时在中学教课的张桂梅，被任命在丽江市华坪县儿童福利院兼职院长，照顾福利院的孤儿。期间，她了解到福利院中的很多女孩都是被家里遗弃的。

 

In 2001, Zhang, then a teacher of local middle school, was appointed the part-time president of a center for homeless children in the county, she found many of the girls who lived at the center were abandoned by their parents.

 

 

在张桂梅教书的中学，学生大多来自偏远山村。张桂梅还注意到，大山里的女孩们更难以获得受教育的机会。学校中的女生不仅数量少，还时不时有女学生从课堂上消失。

 

“有的被叫回去干农活、打工，有的是父母收了彩礼，就让孩子辍学结婚。”张桂梅说，因不是男孩，有的女孩从出生到长大，爷爷奶奶甚至都不会和她说一句话。

 

 

一次家访时，她发现有户人家的儿子才读初二，便可以进县城参加补习班，而他的姐姐已经高三了，却要被家长留在家里干活。

 

“我们经常说，要让每一个孩子拥有公平的起跑线，可这些女孩却连站上起跑线的机会都没有。”张桂梅说。

 

She also noticed many girls in the region, especially from poor families, had little chance of getting education.

 

In a conversation with one of her students' mother, Zhang learned the woman sent her son in junior middle school to an extracurricular training institution, but not her daughter who was soon going to take gaokao, because she thought it was more important for boys to study.

 

 

在民族中学和儿童之家的教学和工作经历，让张桂梅萌生了一个想法，为山区里完成九年义务教育后，无法继续上学的女孩们，筹建一所免费的女子高中。

 

These experiences inspired Zhang to establish a school for girls living in the mountainous areas, mainly those who are unable to continue their studies after completing the nine-year compulsory education. She was determined to make sure the school did not charge tuition fees.

 

从2002年起，张桂梅就开始为这个梦想四处奔走，筹集经费。她带齐所有的证件，到城市街头去募捐。然而，很多人不仅拒绝捐款，还认为她是骗子。

 

最终，张桂梅用了五年寒暑假的时间也才只筹措到约一万元，远远不够开办一所学校需要的资金。

 

To raise money for the school, between 2002 and 2007, Zhang spent the summer and winter vacations on the streets, asking people to donate for her school. Many people refused to donate and humiliated her, and Zhang only managed to collect about 10,000 yuan ($1,415), which was nowhere near enough to start a school.

 

 

就在张桂梅已不抱希望之际，天无绝人之路。2007年，张桂梅当选党的十七大代表。参会前，华坪县委、县政府知道她十分节俭，舍不得买衣服，特意拨了几千元给她买正装去北京开会。但她却舍不得花，把这笔钱给学生们购置了电脑。

 

The turning point came in 2007. That year, Zhang was selected as a representative of the 17th CPC National Congress, and the local government issued a special grant for her to purchase some new clothes before she went to attend the meetings in Beijing. Instead she used the money to buy computers for her students.

 

作为党代表在北京参加十七大时，一位细心的记者发现张桂梅穿的牛仔裤居然破了两个洞，她开始好奇张桂梅的故事，并做了独家报道。这之后，张桂梅和她的梦想获得了来自全国公众的关注。

 

At the meeting, a reporter noticed Zhang was wearing jeans with holes in them, and reported her story. Since then, Zhang and her dream to start a school for girls have drawn attention from the public.

 

 

从北京回来后，丽江市、华坪县分别给张桂梅拨款一百万，让她筹建女高。2008年8月，华坪女子高级中学终于建成，9月正式开学。教师工资和办学经费均由县财政保障，学校建设由教育局负责，张桂梅担任校长。这也是全国第一所免费的公办女子高中。不管中考分数高低，只要愿意读书，女孩们都可以来这里。

 

华坪女高首届共招收女生100名，绝大多数是少数民族，因为入学分数没有门槛，学生普遍基础较差。然而张桂梅还是给老师们下了“硬指标”，无论毕业生基础如何，都至少能考上大学。

 

Consequently, governments of Lijiang city and Huaping county allocated one million yuan, respectively, to construct a school, and the Huaping High School for Girls was officially opened in September 2008. Funds for school operations and salaries of teaching staff are also covered by the local government.

 

Zhang set a high academic standard for the school from the beginning. She asked teachers to ensure all graduates be admitted into colleges, regardless of their initial academic performances.

 

 

从那之后，张桂梅成了学生们眼中的“魔鬼”，从洗漱、吃饭到自习，每件事都被张桂梅严格限制在规定时间内。

 

 

但她认为，这是没办法的办法。“我们的学生本来基础就差，头几届绝大多数甚至都没有过中考录取线，老师也没有经验。”张桂梅说，“有人批评我搞应试教育，可不拿出这样拼的架势，等到孩子们高考坐进同样的考场，做同一份试卷时，怎么和外面条件、基础好的孩子比？”

 

华坪女高建校12年以来，1800多名大山里的女孩从这里考上大学，其中包括武汉大学、厦门大学等全国知名院校，就此改变了人生轨迹。

 

During the 12 years since the school was founded, over 1,800 girl students have graduated and received higher education at universities including prestigious ones such as Wuhan University and Xiamen University.

 

接受采访时张桂梅曾说：“我的学生可以考到厦大、川大、武汉大学！我们是用命换来的。”

 

 

的确，就在华坪女高佳绩频出之时，张桂梅的身体却每况愈下。这些年来，她一直在与肺气肿、肺纤维化、小脑萎缩等10余种疾病作斗争，数次病危入院抢救。

 

6年前，因为胳膊疼得抬不起来，张桂梅停止了授课，当起学校的后勤。她是校长，也是保安，每天拿着小喇叭，催促学生起床吃饭做操。每年寒暑假，她都坚持到贫困山区做家访，把“知识改变命运、文化摆脱贫困”的理念带进大山。

 

 

These achievements came at the cost of Zhang's health.

 

"My colleagues and I almost gave up our lives in order to do it," she said.

 

She's battling more than 10 diseases, such as emphysema and cerebellar atrophy, and six years ago, she stopped teaching due to poor health.

 

当被问道为何极尽全力帮助山里的女孩获得更好的教育时，张桂梅说，如果能培养有文化、有责任的母亲，大山里的孩子就不会辍学，更不会成为孤儿，“我当时的初衷，是解决低素质的母亲、低素质孩儿这种恶性循环。”

 

“女孩子受教育，是可以改变三代人的。” 

 

张校长的这句话，也感动了无数人。

 

 

Asked why she made so many efforts to help girls in the mountains receive better education, Zhang said she believes it is essential for girls to receive education as it will break the vicious circle between uneducated mothers and uneducated children.

 

"Education for women can influence three generations of individuals," she said.

 

张桂梅说：“当听到学生大学毕业以后在为社会做贡献的时候，我们就觉得我们值了。”

 

 

被问到觉得“这辈子的价值在哪”，张桂梅这样回答：

 

“不管怎么着，我救了一代人的，不管是多是少，她们后面过得比我好，比我幸福就足够了，这对我是最大的安慰。”

 

 

综合来源：中国日报，人民日报，央视新闻，新华网