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初中组 第五届致经典诵读篇目-中华经典
初中组
蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜。所谓伊人，在水一方。 溯洄从之，道阻且长。溯游从之，宛在水中央。 蒹葭萋萋，白露未晞。所谓伊人，在水之湄。 溯洄从之，道阻且跻。溯游从之，宛在水中坻。 蒹葭采采，白露未已。所谓伊人，在水之涘。 溯洄从之，道阻且右。溯游从之，宛在水中沚。 The Reed Songs of Qin Green, green the reed, Dew and frost gleam. Where’s she I need? Beyond the stream. Upstream I go, The way is long. Downstream I go, She’s thereamong. White, white the reed, Dew not yet dried. Where’s she I need? On the other side. Upstream I go, Hard is the way. Downstream I go, She’s far away. Bright, bright the reed, Dew and frost blend. Where’s she I need? At river’s end. Upstream I go, The way does wind. Downstream I go, She’s far behind.
岂曰无衣？与子同袍。王于兴师，修我戈矛。与子同仇！ 岂曰无衣？与子同泽。王于兴师，修我矛戟。与子偕作！ 岂曰无衣？与子同裳。王于兴师，修我甲兵。与子偕行！ Comradeship Songs of Qin Are you not battle-dressed? Let’s share the plate for breast! We shall go up the line. Let’s make our lances shine! Your foe is mine. Are you not battle-dressed? Let’s share the coat and vest! We shall go up the line. Let’s make our halberds shine! Your job is mine. Are you not battle-dressed? Let’s share kilt and the rest! We shall go up the line. Let’s make our armor shine And march your hand in mine!
上邪！我欲与君相知，长命无绝衰。 山无陵，江水为竭。冬雷震震，夏雨雪。天地合，乃敢与君绝。 The Pledge Music Bureau Oh Heaven high! I will love him forever till I die, Till mountains crumble, Rivers run dry, In winter thunder rumble, In summer snow fall far and nigh, And the earth mingle with the sky, Not till then will my love die.
西北有高楼，上与浮云齐。 交疏结绮窗，阿阁三重阶。 上有弦歌声，音响一何悲！ 谁能为此曲，无乃杞梁妻。 清商随风发，中曲正徘徊。 一弹再三叹，慷慨有余哀。 不惜歌者苦，但伤知音稀。 愿为双鸿鹄，奋翅起高飞。 Nineteen Old Poems (V) In northwest there’s a tower proud; It stands as high as floating cloud. Its curtained lattice window flares Between the eaves and flights of stairs. Music from there comes to my ear, Its sound so sad, its tune so drear. Who could compose such doleful song But one whose secret grief’s life-long? Sad music rises with the breeze; The middle tune wafts ill at ease. It’s followed then by three refrains; At last indignant, it complains. For the musician out of view. I sigh that connoisseurs are few. I would become a crane to sing With her while flying wing to wing.
东临碣石，以观沧海。 水何澹澹，山岛竦峙。 树木丛生，百草丰茂。 秋风萧瑟，洪波涌起。 日月之行，若出其中； 星汉灿烂，若出其里。 幸甚至哉，歌以咏志。 The Sea Cao Cao I come to view the boundless ocean From Stony Hill on eastern shore. Its water rolls in rhythmic motion And islands stand amid its roar. Tree on tree grows from peak to peak; Grass on grass looks lush far and nigh. The autumn wind blows drear and bleak; The monstrous billows surge up high. The sun by day, the moon by night Appear to rise up from the deep. The Milky Way with stars so bright Sinks down into the sea in sleep. How happy I feel at this sight! I croon this poem in delight.
种豆南山下，草盛豆苗稀。 晨兴理荒秽，带月荷锄归。 道狭草木长，夕露沾我衣。 衣沾不足惜，但使愿无违。 Return to Nature（Ⅲ） Tao Yuanming I sow my beans’ neath southern hill; Bean shoots are lost where weeds o’ergrow. I weed at dawn though early still; I plod home with my moonlit hoe. The path is narrow, grasses tall, With evening dew my clothes are wet, To which I pay no heed at all, If my desire can but be met.
城阙辅三秦，风烟望五津。 与君离别意，同是宦游人。 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 无为在歧路，儿女共沾巾。 Farewell to Prefect Du Wang Bo You’ll leave the town walled far and wide For mist-veiled land by riverside. I feel on parting sad and drear, For both of us are strangers here. If you have friends who know your heart, Distance cannot keep you apart. At crossroads where we bid adieu, Do not shed tears as women do!
客路青山外，行舟绿水前。 潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。 海日生残夜，江春入旧年。 乡书何处达？归雁洛阳边。 Passing by the Northern Mountains Wang Wan My boat goes by green mountains high, And passes through the river blue. The banks seem wide at the full tide; A sail with ease hangs in soft breeze. The sun brings light born of last night; New spring invades old year which fades. How can I send word to my friend? Homing wild geese, fly westward please!
金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。 停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然！ 欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。 闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。 行路难！行路难! 多歧路，今安在? 长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。 Hard is the Way of the World Li Bai Pure wine in golden cup costs ten thousand coins, good! Choice dish in a jade plate is worth as much, nice food! Pushing aside my cup and chopsticks, I can’t eat; Drawing my sword and looking round, I hear my heart beat. I can’t cross Yellow River: ice has stopped its flow; I can’t climb Mount Taihang: the sky is blind with snow. I poise a fishing pole with ease on the green stream Or set sail for the sun like the sage in a dream. Hard is the way, Hard is the way. Don’t go astray! Whither today? A time will come to ride the wind and cleave the waves; I’ll set my cloudlike sail to cross the sea which raves.
岱宗夫如何？齐鲁青未了。 造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓。 荡胸生层云，决眦入归鸟。 会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。 Gazing at Mount Tai Du Fu O peak of peaks, how high it stands! One boundless green o’erspreads two States. A marvel done by Nature’s hands, O’er light and shade it dominates. Clouds rise therefrom and lave my breast; My eyes are strained to see birds fleet. Try to ascend the mountain’s crest: It dwarfs all peaks under our feet.
北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。 忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。 散入珠帘湿罗幕，狐裘不暖锦衾薄。 将军角弓不得控，都护铁衣冷难着。 瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝。 中军置酒饮归客，胡琴琵琶与羌笛。 纷纷暮雪下辕门，风掣红旗冻不翻。 轮台东门送君去，去时雪满天山路。 山回路转不见君，雪上空留马行处。 Song of White Snow in Farewell to Secretary Wu Going Back to the Capital Cen Shen Snapping the pallid grass, the northern wind whirls low; In the eighth moon the Tartar sky is filled with snow As if the vernal breeze had come back overnight, Adorning thousands of pear trees with blossoms white. Flakes enter pearled blinds and wet the silken screen; No furs of fox can warm us nor brocade quilts green. The general cannot draw his rigid bow with ease; Even the commissioner in coat of mail would freeze. A thousand feet over cracked wilderness ice piles, And gloomy clouds hang sad and drear for miles and miles. We drink in headquarters to our guest homeward bound; With Tartar lutes, pipas and pipes the camps resound. Snow in large flakes at dusk falls heavy on camp gate; The frozen red flag in the wind won’t undulate. At eastern gate of Wheel Tower we bid goodbye On the snow-covered road to Heaven’s Mountain high. I watch his horse go past a bend and, lost to sight, His track will soon be buried up by snow in flight.
巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。 怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。 沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。 今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。 Reply to Bai Juyi Whom I Meet for the First Time at a Banquet in Yangzhou Liu Yuxi O Western Mountains and Southern Streams desolate, Where I, an exile, lived for twenty years and three! To mourn for my departed friends I come too late; In native land I look but like human debris. A thousand sails pass by the side of sunken ship; Ten thousand flowers bloom ahead of injured tree. Today I hear you chant the praises of friendship; I wish this cup of wine might well inspirit me.
八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。茅飞渡江洒江郊，高者挂罥长林梢，下者飘转沉塘坳。 南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼。公然抱茅入竹去，唇焦口燥呼不得，归来倚杖自叹息。 俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。 自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻！ 安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜，风雨不动安如山！ 呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！ My Cottage Unroofed By Autumn Gales Du Fu In the eighth moon the autumn gales furiously howl; They roll up three layers of straw from my thatched bower. The straw flies across the river and spreads in shower, Some hanging knotted on the tops of trees that tower, Some swirling down and sinking into water foul. Urchins from southern village know I’m old and weak, They rob me to my face without a blush on the cheek, And holding armfuls of straw, into bamboos they sneak. In vain I call them till my lips are parched and dry; Again alone, I lean on my cane and sigh. Shortly the gale subsides and clouds turn dark as ink; The autumn skies are shrouded and in darkness sink. My cotton quilt is cold, for years it has been worn; My restless children kick in sleep and it is torn. The roof leaks o’er beds, leaving no corner dry; Without cease the rain falls thick and fast from the sky. After the troubled times troubled has been my sleep. Wet through, how can I pass the night so long, so deep! Could I get mansions covering ten thousand miles, I’d house all scholars poor and make them beam with smiles. In wind and rain these mansions would stand like mountains high. Alas! Should these houses appear before my eye, Frozen in my unroofed cot, content I’d die.
老夫聊发少年狂，左牵黄，右擎苍，锦帽貂裘，千骑卷平冈。为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙郎。 酒酣胸胆尚开张。鬓微霜，又何妨！持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼。 Tune: A Riverside Town（Hunting at Mizhou） Su Shi Rejuvenated, my fiery zeal I display, On left hand leash, a yellow hound, On right hand wrist’ a falcon grey. A thousand silk-capped, sable-coated horsemen sweep Across the rising ground And hillocks steep. Townspeople pour out the city gate To watch the tiger-hunting magistrate. Heart gladdened with strong wine, who cares About a few new-frosted hairs? When will the court imperial send An envoy to recall the exile? Then I’ll bend My bow like a full moon, and aiming northwest, I Will shoot down the fierce Wolf from the sky.
明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年？ 我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间？ 转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长向别时圆？ 人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。 Tune: Prelude to Water Melody Su Shi How long will the full moon appear? Wine cup in hand, I ask the sky. I do not know what time of year ’Twould be tonight in the palace on high. Riding the wind, there I would fly, Yet I’m afraid the crystalline palace would be Too high and cold for me. I rise and dance, with my shadow I play. On high as on earth, would it be as gay? The moon goes round the mansions red Through gauze-draped windows soft to shed Her light upon the sleepless bed. Against man she should have no spite. Why then when people part, is she oft full and bright? Men have sorrow and joy; they part or meet again; The moon is bright or dim and she may wax or wane. There has been nothing perfect since the olden days. So let us wish that man Will live long as he can! Though miles apart, we’ll share the beauty she displays.
薄雾浓云愁永昼，瑞脑销金兽。佳节又重阳，玉枕纱橱，半夜凉初透。 东篱把酒黄昏后，有暗香盈袖。莫道不销魂，帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦。 Tune: Tipsy in the Flowers’ Shade Li Qingzhao Thin is the mist and thick the clouds, so sad I stay. From golden censer incense smokes all day. The Double Ninth comes now again; Alone I still remain In the curtain of gauze, on pillow smooth like jade, Feeling the midnight chill invade. At dusk I drink before chrysanthemums in bloom; My sleeves are filled with fragrance and with gloom. Say not my soul Is not consumed. Should western wind uproll The curtain of my bower, ’Twould show a thinner face than yellow flower.
明月别枝惊鹊，清风半夜鸣蝉。 稻花香里说丰年，听取蛙声一片。 七八个星天外，两三点雨山前。 旧时茅店社林边，路转溪头忽见。 Tune: The Moon over the West River (Home-Going at Night from the Yellow Sand Bridge) Xin Qiji Startled by magpies leaving the branch in moonlight, I hear cicadas shrill in the breeze at midnight. The ricefields’ sweet smell promises a bumper year; Listen, how frogs’ croaks please the ear! Beyond the clouds seven or eight stars twinkle; Before the hills two or three raindrops sprinkle. There is an inn beside the village temple. Look! The winding path leads to the hut beside the brook.
枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马。 夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。 Tune:Sunny Sand Autumn Thoughts Ma Zhiyuan Over old trees wreathed with rotten vines fly crows; Under a small bridge beside a cot a stream flows; On ancient road in western breeze a lean horse goes. Westwards declines the setting sun. Far, far from home is the heart-broken one.
峰峦如聚，波涛如怒， 山河表里潼关路。 望西都，意踌躇。 伤心秦汉经行处，宫阙万间都做了土。 兴，百姓苦；亡，百姓苦。 Tune：Sheep on the Slope Thinking of the Past on My Way to Tong Pass Zhang Yanghao Peaks like brows knit, Angry waves spit. With mountain and river far and near, On the road to Tong Pass I appear. Gazing on Western Capital, I hesitate, alas! To see the place where ancient warriors did pass The ancient palaces, hall on hall, Are turned to dust, one and all. Before my eyes, The empire’s rise Is people’s woe; The empire’s fall Is also people’s woe.
九州生气恃风雷，万马齐喑究可哀。 我劝天公重抖擞，不拘一格降人才。 Miscellanies of the Year 1839 (IXXV) Gong Zizhen From wind and thunder comes a nation’s vital force, What a great pity not to hear a neighing horse! I urge the Lord of Heaven to brace up again, And send down talents of all kinds to Central Plain.
鱼，我所欲也；熊掌，亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生，亦我所欲也；义，亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也。生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，故不为苟得也；死亦我所恶，所恶有甚于死者，故患有所不辟也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生，则凡可以得生者，何不用也？使人之所恶莫甚于死者，则凡可以辟患者，何不为也？由是则生而有不用也，由是则可以辟患而有不为也。是故所欲有甚于生者，所恶有甚于死者。非独贤者有是心也，人皆有之，贤者能勿丧耳。
Mencius 一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。呼尔而与之，行道之人弗受；蹴尔而与之，乞人不屑也。万钟则不辩礼义而受之，万钟于我何加焉！为宫室之美，妻妾之奉，所识穷乏者得我与？ 乡为身死而不受，今为宫室之美为之；乡为身死而不受，今为妻妾之奉为之；乡为身死而不受，今为所识穷乏者得我而为之；是亦不可以已乎？此之谓失其本心。 (Mencius, translated by Leonard A. Lyall Longmans, London, 1932） Mencius said, l like fish and I like bears’ paws too. If I cannot have both, I leave the fish and take the bears’ paws. I like life and I like right too. If cannot have both, I leave life and take the right. I like life too, but I like some things more than life, so I will not do wrong to get it. I hate death too, but I hate some things more than death, so I do not always flee danger. If a man liked nothing more than life, would he not make use of anything to get it? If he hated nothing more than death, would he not do anything to flee danger? Here are the means to live, but he does not use them; by this he will escape danger, but he does not do it. So he likes some things more than life, and hates some things more than death. Not the man of worth only has a heart like this; every man has. But the man of worth does not lose his.
If a dish of rice or bean soup were given him with a shout, though to get it were life and not to get it were death, a wayfarer would not take it. If it were given him with a kick, a beggarman would spurn it. But ten thousand bushels are taken without heeding good form or right. What can ten thousand bushels add to us? Do we take them for fair palaces and mansions, for the services of wife and concubines, for what the poor and needy whom we know might get from us? Before, the body was to die, and it was not taken; now it is done for fair palaces and mansions. Before, the body was to die, and it was not taken: now it is done for the services of wife and concubines. Before, the body was to die, and it was not taken; now it is done for what the poor and needy whom we know might get from us. Was this too a thing that could not be helped? This is called losing our first heart.
世有伯乐，然后有千里马。千里马常有，而伯乐不常有。故虽有名马，祗辱于奴隶人之手，骈死于槽枥之间，不以千里称也。
On Horses马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。食马者不知其能千里而食也。是马也，虽有千里之能，食不饱，力不足，才美不外见，且欲与常马等不可得，安求其能千里也？ 策之不以其道，食之不能尽其材，鸣之而不能通其意，执策而临之，曰：“天下无马！”呜呼！其真无马邪？其真不知马也！ (Poetry and Prose of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties汉魏六朝诗文选, translated by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang, Panda Books, Beijing, 1986) Han Yu Only after Bole came into the world were there horses able to gallop one thousand li. Such horses are common,but a Bole is rare. So even fine steeds, if mishandled by slaves, will perish in their stables without being known as good horses.
A thousand-li horse may eat one bushel of grain at a meal, but if its groom does not know that this is what enables it to gallop a thousand li and fails to feed it enough, so that it lacks strength, it will not display its ability and natural gifts. Indeed, it may be no match for common horses; so how then can it gallop a thousand li ? If it is whipped and goaded on in the wrong way, too underfed to reveal its full worth, or if it neighs and the trainer treats it without understanding, then the rider may hold his whip over it exclaiming:“There are no good horses in the world!” But does this mean there are truly no good horses, or that he does not understand horses?
山不在高，有仙则名。水不在深，有龙则灵。斯是陋室，惟吾德馨。苔痕上阶绿，草色入帘青。谈笑有鸿儒，往来无白丁。可以调素琴，阅金经。无丝竹之乱耳，无案牍之劳形。南阳诸葛庐，西蜀子云亭。孔子云：何陋之有？
Liu Yuxi Mountains need not always be high, They’re famed if therein fairies abide. Waters need not always be deep, They’re hallowed where dragons are spied. This is a simple, mean abode, Only my virtue lends it fragrance. Moss smears a fringe of green upon The stone steps forming the terrace; And peering through the screen, there throbs the emerald of the lush grass. Great scholars drop in casually, And talk and laugh in abandoned ways; While in this cordial company Nonentities have ne’er a place. The ancient zither we might play, Or golden-lettered scriptures peruse. No concert bands our ears confuse, And no official files await Our tackling-to excruciate. To Zhuge’s cottage at Nanyang, Or Ziyun’s pavilion in Sichuan, mine may well be compared. So, as Confucius once had said, “How could it be considered mean?”
庆历四年春，滕子京谪守巴陵郡。越明年，政通人和，百废具兴，乃重修岳阳楼，增其旧制，刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上，属予作文以记之。
Yueyang Pavilion予观夫巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖。衔远山，吞长江，浩浩汤汤，横无际涯，朝晖夕阴，气象万千，此则岳阳楼之大观也，前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡，南极潇湘，迁客骚人，多会于此，览物之情，得无异乎？ 若夫淫雨霏霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，浊浪排空，日星隐曜，山岳潜形，商旅不行，樯倾楫摧，薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。 至若春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷，沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳，岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧，渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣。 嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲，居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧，退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶？其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”欤！噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？ 时六年九月十五日。 (Poetry and Prose of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties汉魏六朝诗文选, translated by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang, Panda Books, Beijing, 1986) Fan Zhongyan In the spring of the fourth year of the Qingli period (the year 1004),Teng Zijing was banished from the capital to be governor of Baling Prefecture. After he had governed the district for a year, the administration became efficient, the people became united, and all things that had fallen into disrepair were given a new lease of life. Then he restored Yueyang Pavilion, adding new splendour to the original structure and having inscribed on it poems by famous men of the Tang Dynasty as well as the present time. And he asked me to write an essay to commemorate this. Now 1 have found that the finest sights of Baling are concentrated in the region of Lake Dongting. Dongting, nibbling at the distant hills and gulping down the Yangzi River, strikes all beholders as vast and infinite, presenting a scene of boundless variety; and this is the superb view from Yueyang Pavilion. All this has been described in full by writers of earlier ages. However, since the lake is linked with Wu Gorge in the north and extends to the rivers Xiao and Xiang in the south, many exiles and wandering poets gather here, and their reactions to these sights vary greatly.
During a period of incessant rain, when a spell of bad weather continues for more than a month, when louring winds bellow angrily, tumultuous waves hurl themselves, against the sky, sun and stars hide their light, hills and mountains disappear, merchants have to halt in their travels, masts collapse and oars splinter, the day darkens and the roars of tigers and howls of monkeys are heard, if men come to this pavilion with a longing for home in their hearts or nursing a feeling of bitterness because of taunts and slander, they may find the sight depressing and fall prey to agitation or despair. But during mild and bright spring weather, when the waves are unruffled and the azure translucence above and below stretches before your eyes for myriads of li, when the water-birds fly down to congregate on the sands and fish with scales like glimmering silk disport themselves in the water, when the iris and orchids on the banks grow luxuriant and green; or when dusk falls over this vast expanse and bright moonlight casts its light a thousand li, when the rolling waves glitter like gold and silent shadows in the water glimmer like jade, and the fishermen sing to each other for sheer joy, then men coming up to this pavilion may feel complete freedom of heart and ease of spirit, forgetting every worldly gain of setback to hold their winecups in the breeze in absolute elation, delighted with life. But again when 1 consider the men of old who possessed true humanity, they seem to have responded quite differently. The reason, perhaps, may be this: natural beauty was not enough to make them happy, nor their own situation enough to make them sad. When such men are high in the government or at court, their first concern is for the people; when they retire to distant streams and lakes, their first concern is for their sovereign. Thus they worry both when in office and when in retirement. When, then, can they enjoy themselves in life? No doubt they are concerned before anyone else and enjoy themselves only after everyone else finds enjoyment. Surely these are the men in whose footsteps I should follow ! (The time is: the 15th day of the 9th month,the 6th year)
环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺，而泻出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。峰回路转，有亭翼然临于泉上者，醉翁亭也。作亭者谁？山之僧智仙也。名之者谁？太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此，饮少辄醉，而年又最高，故自号曰醉翁也。醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也。
The Roadside Hut of the Old Drunkard若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。 至于负者歌于途，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥。酿泉为酒，泉香而酒洌；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也。 已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。太守谓谁？庐陵欧阳修也。 (Poetry and Prose of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties汉魏六朝诗文选, translated by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang, Panda Books, Beijing, 1986) Ouyang Xiu The district of Chu is enclosed all around by hills, of which those in the southwest boast the most lovely forests and dales. In the distance, densely wooded and possessed of a rugged beauty, is Mount Langya. When you penetrate a mile or two into this mountain you begin to hear the gurgling of a stream, and presently the stream-the Brewer’s Spring- comes into sight cascading between two peaks. Rounding a bend you see a hut with a spreading roof hard by the stream, and this is the Roadside Hut of the Old Drunkard. This hut was built by the monk Zhi Xian. It was given its name by the governor, referring to himself. The governor, coming here with his friends, often gets tipsy after a little drinking; and since he is the most advanced in years, he calls himself the Old Drunkard. He delights less in drinking than in the hills and streams, taking pleasure in them and expressing the feeling in his heart through drinking.
Now at dawn and dusk in this mountain come the changes between light and darkness: when the sun emerges, the misty woods become clear; when the clouds hang low, the grottoes are wrapped in gloom. Then in the course of the four seasons you find wild flowers burgeoning and blooming with a secret fragrance, the stately trees put on their mantle of leaves and give a goodly shade, until wind and frost touch all with austerity, the water sinks low and the rocks at the bottom of the stream emerge. A man going there in the morning and returning in the evening during the changing pageant of the seasons, can derive endless pleasure from the place. And the local people may be seen making their way there and back in an endless stream, the old and infirm as well as infants in arms, men carrying burdens who sing as they go, passers-by stopping to rest beneath the trees, those in front calling out and those behind answering. There the governor gives a feast with a variety of dishes before him, mostly wild vegetables and other mountain produce. The fish are freshly caught from the stream, and since the stream is deep the fish are fat; the wine is brewed with spring water, and since the spring is sweet the wine is superb. There they feast and drink merrily with no accompaniment of strings or flutes; when someone wins a game of cottabus or chess, when they mark up their scores in drinking games together, or raise a cheerful din sitting or standing, it can be seen that the guests are enjoying themselves. The elderly man with white hair in the middle, who sits utterly relaxed and at his ease, is the governor, already half drunk. Then the sun sinks towards the hills, men’s shadows begin to flit about and scatter; and now the governor leaves, followed by his guests. In the shades of the woods birds chirp above and below, showing that the men have gone and the birds are at peace. But although the birds enjoy the hills and forests, they cannot understand men’s pleasure in them; and although men enjoy accompanying the governor there, they cannot understand his pleasure either. The governor is able to share his enjoyment with others when he is in his cups, and sober again can write an essay about it. Who is this governor? Ouyang Xiu of Luling.
红军不怕远征难， 万水千山只等闲。 五岭逶迤腾细浪， 乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。 金沙水拍云崖暖， 大渡桥横铁索寒。 更喜岷山千里雪， 三军过后尽开颜。 The Long March Mao Zedong Of the trying Long March the Red Army makes light: Thousands of rivers and mountains are barriers slight. The five serpentine Ridges outspread like rippling rills; The pompous Wumeng peaks tower but like mole-hills. Against warm cloudy cliffs beat waves of Golden Sand; With cold iron-chain bridge River Dadu is spanned. Glad to see the Min Range snow-clad for miles and miles, Our warriors who have crossed it break into broad smiles.
独立寒秋，湘江北去，橘子洲头。 看万山红遍，层林尽染；漫江碧透，百舸争流。 鹰击长空，鱼翔浅底，万类霜天竞自由。 怅寥廓，问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮？ 携来百侣曾游，忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠。 恰同学少年，风华正茂；书生意气，挥斥方遒。 指点江山，激扬文字，粪土当年万户侯。 曾记否，到中流击水，浪遏飞舟？ Tune:Spring in a Pleasure Garden Changsha Mao Zedong Alone stand I in autumn cold, Of Orange Islet at the head, Where River Xiang goes north. Behold！ Hills upon hills are all in red, Woods upon woods in crimson dressed. The river green down to the bed, A hundred ships in speed contest. Far and wide eagles cleave the air; Up and down fish glide o’er depths clear: All creatures under frosty skies vie to be freer. Brooding o’er immensity there, I wonder in this world so vast and dim, Who decides who will sink or swim. With many friends I oft came here. How thick with salient days those bygone times appear! When,students in the flower of our age, Our spirit bright was at its height, Full of the scholar’s noble rage, We criticized with all our might. Pointing to stream and hill, Writing in blame or praise, We treat’d like dirt all mighty lords of olden days. Do you remember still, Swimming mid-stream, we struck the waves to stay The boats speeding their way?
东方欲晓，莫道君行早。 踏遍青山人未老，风景这边独好。 会昌城外高峰，颠连直接东溟。 战士指看南粤，更加郁郁葱葱。 Tune:Pure Serene Music Huichang Mao Zedong Dawn tinges the eastern skies. Boast not you start before sunrise. We have trodden green mountains without growing old. What scenery unique here we behold! Peaks after peaks outside Huichang, as if in motion, Undulate until they join with the eastern ocean. Our warriors, pointing south, see Guangdong loom In a richer green and a lusher gloom.
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。 望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。 山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。 须晴日，看红妆素裹，分外妖娆。 江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。 惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。 一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。 俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。 Tune:Spring in a Pleasure Garden Snow Mao Zedong See what the northern countries show: Hundreds of leagues ice-bound go; Thousands of leagues flies snow. Behold! Within and without the Great Wall The boundless land is clad in white, And up and down the Yellow River, all The endless waves are lost to sight. Mountains like silver serpents dancing, Highlands like waxy elephants advancing, All try to match the sky in height. Wait till the day is fine And see the fair bask in sparkling sunshine, What an enchanting sight! Our motherland so rich in beauty Has made countless heroes vie to pay her their duty. But alas! Qin Huang and Han Wu In culture not well bred, And Tang Zong and Song Zu In letters not wide read. And Genghis Khan, proud son of Heaven for a day, Knew only shooting eagles by bending his bows. They have all passed away; Brilliant heroes are those Whom we will see today!
风雨送春归，飞雪迎春到。已是悬崖百丈冰，犹有花枝俏。 俏也不争春，只把春来报。待到山花烂漫时，她在丛中笑。 Tune:Song of Divination Ode to the Mume Blossom Mao Zedong On reading Lu You’s “Ode to the Mume Blossom,” I countered it with the following lines. Then spring depart’d in wind and rain; With flying snow it’s back again. Though icicles from beetling cliffs still hang miles long, One flower sweet and fair is thereamong. Though sweet and fair, with other flowers she won’t rival, But only heralds spring’s arrival. When mountain flowers run riot for miles and miles, Among them she will be all smiles. 第五届致经典诵读篇目-西方经典 初中组
1. I’ll Try The little boy who says “I’ll try” Will climb to the hill-top; The little boy who says “I can’t” Will at the bottom stop. “I’ll try” does great things every day, “I can’t” gets nothing done: So be sure then that you say “I’ll try” And let “I can’t” alone. 2. Work While You Work Work while you work, Play while you play, This is the way To be happy and gay. Whatever you do, Do with your might; Things done by halves, Are never done right. One thing at a time, And that done well, Is a very good rule, As many can tell. Moments are useless When trifled away; So work while you work, And play while you play. 3. Don’t Worry If Your Job Is Small Don’t worry if your job is small, And your rewards are few. Remember that the mighty oak Was once a nut like you. 4. Maytime Magic Mabel Watts A little seed For me to sow… A little earth To make it grow A little hole, A little pat… A little wish, And that is that. A little sun, A little shower… A little while, And then — a flower! 5. Early to Bed and Early to Rise The cock does crow To let you know If you be wise ’Tis time to rise; For early to bed And early to rise Is the way to be healthy And wealthy and wise. 6. The Folk Who Live in Backward Town Ann Mary Hoberman The folk who live in Backward Town Are inside out and upside down. They wear their hats inside their heads And go to sleep beneath their beds. They only eat the apple peeling And take their walk across the ceiling. 7. Hard to Bear Tudor Jenks “I’m very drowsy,” said the Bear; “I think it’s anything but fair That just about the Christmas season, Without a sign of rhyme or reason, I get so tired I have to creep Into a cave and fall asleep. I take a nap, and—to my surprise— I find, when I wake and rub my eyes, That winter’s gone, and I’ve slept away Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s Day. I believe that I’m not given to croaking, But you’ll admit that it’s provoking!” 8. On a Diet Carolyn Graham First she gave up smoking. Then she gave up gin. Then she gave up chocolate cake. She wanted to be thin. Then she gave up breakfast. Then she gave up lunch. On lazy Sunday mornings she even gave up brunch. No matter what she gave up, her skirts were very tight. ‘Cause she ate twelve cans of tuna fish for dinner every night. 9. Have You Ever Seen? Have you ever seen a sheet on a river bed? Or a single hair from a hammer’s head? Has the foot of a mountain any toes? Or is there a pair of garden hose? Does the needle ever wink its eye? Why doesn’t the wing of a building fly? Can you tickle the ribs of a parasol? Or open the trunk of a tree at all? Are the teeth of a rake ever going to bite? Have the hands of a clock any left or right? Can the garden plot be deep and dark? And what is the sound of the birch’s bark? 10. Bed in Summer Robert Louis Stevenson In winter I get up at night And dress by yellow candle-light, In summer, quite the other way, I have to go to bed by day. I have to go to bed and see The birds still hopping on the tree, Or hear the grown-up people’s feet Still going past me in the street. And does it not seem hard to you, When all the sky is clear and blue, And I should like so much to play, To have to go to bed by day? 11. The Moon Robert Louis Stevenson The moon has a face like the clock in the hall; She shines on thieves on the garden wall, On streets and fields and harbour quays, And birdies asleep in the forks of the trees. The squalling cat and the squeaking mouse, The howling dog by the door of the house, The bat that lies in bed at noon, All love to be out by the light of the moon. But all of the things that belong to the day Cuddle to sleep to be out of her way; And flowers and children close their eyes Till up in the morning the sun shall arise. 12. The Dear Old Woman in the Lane Christina Rossetti The dear old woman in the lane Is sick and sore with pains and aches, We’ll go to her this afternoon, And take her tea and eggs and cakes. We’ll stop to make the kettle boil, And brew some tea, and set the tray, And poach an egg, and toast a cake, And wheel her chair round, if we may. 13. If the Moon Came from Heaven Christina Rossetti If the moon came from heaven, Talking all the way, What could she have to tell us, And what could she say? “I’ve seen a hundred pretty things And seen a hundred gay; But only think: I peep by night And do not peep by day!” 14. If Stars Dropped Out of Heaven Christina Rossetti If stars dropped out of heaven, And if flowers took their place, The sky would still look fair, And fair the earth’s face. Winged angels might fly down to us To pluck the stars, But we could only long for flowers Beyond the cloudy bars. 15. Boats Sail on the Rivers Christina Rossetti Boats sail on the rivers, And ships sail on the seas; But clouds that sail across the sky Are prettier far than these. There are bridges on the rivers, As pretty as you please; But the bow that bridges heaven, And overtops the trees, And builds a road from earth to sky Is prettier far than these. 16. The Sun’s Travels Robert Louis Stevenson The sun is not a-bed, when I At night upon my pillow lie; Still round the earth his way he takes, And morning after morning makes. While here at home, in shining day, We round the sunny garden play, Each little Indian sleepy-head Is being kissed and put to bed. And when at eve I rise from tea, Day dawns beyond the Atlantic Sea; And all the children in the West Are getting up and being dressed. 17. The Land of Nod Robert Louis Stevenson From breakfast on through all the day At home among my friends I stay; But every night I go abroad Afar into the Land of Nod. All by myself I have to go, With none to tell me what to do — All alone beside the streams And up the mountainsides of dreams. The strangest things are there for me, Both things to eat and things to see, And many frightening sights abroad Till morning in the Land of Nod. Try as I like to find the way, I never can get back by day, Nor can remember plain and clear The curious music that I hear. 18. The Lamp-lighter Robert Louis Stevenson My tea is nearly ready and the sun has left the sky; It’s time to take the window to see Leerie going by; For every night at teatime and before you take your seat, With lantern and with ladder he comes posting up the street. Now Tom would be a driver and Maria go to sea, And my papa's a banker and as rich as he can be; But I, when I am stronger and can choose what I'm to do, O Leerie, I'll go round at night and light the lamps with you! For we are very lucky, with a lamp before the door, And Leerie stops to light it as he lights so many more; And oh! before you hurry by with ladder and with light; O Leerie, see a little child and nod to him tonight! 19. Block City Robert Louis Stevenson What are you able to build with your blocks? Castles and palaces, temples and docks. Rain may keep raining, and others go roam, But I can be happy and building at home. Let the sofa be mountains, the carpet be sea, There I’ll establish a city for me: A kirk and a mill and a palace beside, And a harbour as well where my vessels may ride. Great is the palace, with pillar and wall, A sort of a tower on the top of it all, And steps coming down in an orderly way To where my toy vessels lie safe in the bay. This one is sailing and that one is moored; Hark to the song of the sailors aboard! And see, on the steps of my palace, the kings Coming and going with presents and things! Now I have done with it, down let it go! All in a moment the town is laid low, Block upon block lying scattered and free, What is there left of my town by the sea? Yet as I saw it, I see it again, The kirk and the palace, the ships and the men, And as long as I live and where’er I may be, I’ll always remember my town by the sea. 20. My Shadow Robert Louis Stevenson I have a little shadow that goes in and out with me, And what can be the use of him is more than I can see. He is very, very like me from the heels up to the head; And I see him jump before me, when I jump into my bed. The funniest thing about him is the way he likes to grow— Not at all like proper children, which is very slow; For he sometimes shoots up taller like an india-rubber ball, And sometimes gets so little that there’s none of him at all. He hasn’t got a notion of how children ought to play, And can only make a fool of me in every sort of way. He stays so close beside me, he’s a coward you can see; I’d think shame to stick to nursie as that shadow sticks to me. One morning, very early, before the sun was up, I rose and found the shining dew on every buttercup; But my lazy little shadow, like an arrant sleepyhead, Had stayed at home behind me and was fast asleep in bed. 21. How Many Seconds in a Minute? Christina Rossetti How many seconds in a minute? Sixty, and no more in it. How many minutes in an hour? Sixty for sun and shower. How many hours in a day? Twenty-four for work and play. How many days in a week? Seven both to hear and speak? How many weeks in a month? Four, as the swift moon runn’th. How many months in a year? Twelve the almanack makes clear. How many years in an age? One hundred says the sage. How many ages in time? No one knows the rhyme. 22. My Heart’s in the Highlands Robert Burns Chorus My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here, My heart's in the Highlands a-chasing the deer; A-chasing the wild-deer, and following the roe, My heart's in the Highlands wherever I go. Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North, The birth-place of Valour, the country of Worth; Wherever I wander, wherever I rove, The hills of the Highlands for ever I love. Farewell to the mountains, high-cover'd with snow, Farewell to the straths and green vallies below: Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods, Farewell to the torrents and loudpouring floods. Chorus My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here, My heart's in the Highlands, a-chasing the deer; A-chasing the wild-deer and following the roe, My heart's in the Highlands, wherever I go. 23. Fire and Ice Robert Frost Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice. From what I’ve tasted of desire I hold with those who favor fire. But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hate To say that for destruction ice Is also great And would suffice. 24. The Arrow and the Song Henry Wadsworth Longfellow I shot an arrow into the air, It fell to earth, I knew not where; For, so swiftly it flew, the sight Could not follow it in its flight. I breathed a song into the air, It fell to earth, I knew not where； For, who has a sight so keen and strong, That it can follow the flight of song? Long, long afterward, in an oak I found the arrow, still unbroke; And the song, from beginning to end, I found again in the heart of a friend. 25. Over the Hills and a Great Way Off Tom, he was a piper’s son, He learned to play when he was young, But all the tune that he could play Was “over the hills and far away.” Refrain： Over the hills and a great way off, The wind shall blow my top-knot off. Tom with his pipe did make such a noise, That he pleased both the girls and boys. And they all stopped to hear him play "Over the hills and far away." [Refrain] Tom with his pipe did play with such skill, That those who heard him could never keep still. As soon as he played they began to dance, Even pigs on their hind legs would after him prance. [Refrain] As Dolly was milking her cow one day, Tom took his pipe and began to play. So Dolly and the cow danced “The Cheshire round,” Till the pail was broken and the milk ran on the ground. [Refrain] He met old Dame trotting with a basket of eggs, He used his pipe and she used her legs. She danced about till the eggs were all broke, She began to fret, but he laughed at the joke. [Refrain] Tom saw a cross fellow beating an ass, Heavy laden with pots, pans, dishes, and glass. He took out his pipe and played them a tune, And the poor donkey’s load was lightened full soon. [Refrain] 26. Mary’s Lamb Sarah Josepha Hale Mary had a little lamb, Its fleece was white as snow, And everywhere that Mary went The lamb was sure to go; He followed her to school one day— That was against the rule, It made the children laugh and play To see a lamb at school. And so the teacher turned him out, But still he lingered near, And waited patiently about, Till Mary did appear. And then he ran to her and laid His head upon her arm, As if he said, “I’m not afraid— You’ll shield me from all harm.” “What makes the lamb love Mary so?” The little children cry; “Oh, Mary loves the lamb you know,” The teacher did reply, “And you each gentle animal In confidence may bind And make it follow at your call, If you are always kind.” 27. The Shark Lord Alfred Douglas A treacherous monster is the shark, He never makes the least remark. And when he sees you on the sand, He doesn’t seem to want to land. He watches you take off your clothes, And not the least excitement shows. His eyes do not grow bright or roll, He has astounding self-control. He waits till you are quite undressed, And seems to take no interest. And when you once get in his range, His whole demeanor seems to change. He throws his body right about, And his true character comes out. It’s no use crying or appealing, He seems to lose all decent feeling. After this warning you will wish To keep clear of this treacherous fish. His back is black, his stomach white, He has a very dangerous bite. 28. My Grandfather’s Clock Henry Clay Work My grandfather’s clock was too large for the shelf, So it stood ninety years on the floor; It was taller by half than the old man himself, Though it weighed not a pennyweight more. It was bought on the morn of the day that he was born, And was always his treasure and pride; But it stopped short never to go again, When the old man died. In watching its pendulum swing to and fro, Many hours had he spent while a boy; And in childhood and manhood the clock seemed to know, And to share both his grief and his joy. For it struck twenty-four when he entered at the door, With a blooming and beautiful bride; But it stopped short never to go again, When the old man died. Chorus: Ninety years without slumbering, Tick, tock, tick, tock, His life’s seconds numbering, Tick, tock, tick, tock, It stopped short never to go again, When the old man died. My grandfather said that of those he could hire, Not a servant so faithful he found; For it wasted no time, and had but one desire, At the close of each week to be wound. And it kept in its place, not a frown upon its face And its hands never hung by its side. But it stopped short never to go again, When the old man died. It rang an alarm in the dead of the night, An alarm that for years had been dumb; And we knew that his spirit was pluming for flight, That his hour of departure had come. Still the clock kept the time, with a soft and muffled chime, As we silently stood by his side. But it stopped short never to go again, When the old man died. Chorus 29. Jack Frost Gabriel Setoun The door was shut, as doors should be, Before you went to bed last night; Yet Jack Frost has got in, you see, And left your window silver white. He must have waited till you slept; And not a single word he spoke, But penciled o’er the panes and crept Away again before you woke. And now you cannot see the hills Nor fields that stretch beyond the lane; But there are fairer things than these His fingers traced on every pane. Rocks and castles towering high; Hills and dales and streams and fields; And knights in armor riding by, With nodding plumes and shining shields. And here are little boats, and there Big ships with sails spread to the breeze; And yonder, palm trees waving fair On islands set in silver seas. And butterflies with gauzy wings; And herds of cows and flocks of sheep; And fruit and flowers and all the things You see when you are sound asleep. For creeping softly underneath The door when all the lights are out, Jack Frost takes every breath you breathe, And knows the things you think about. He paints them on the window pane In fairy lines with frozen steam; And when you wake you see again The lovely things you saw in dream. 30. Snow in Town Rickman Mark Nothing is quite so quiet and clean As snow that falls in the night; And isn’t it jolly to jump from bed And find the whole world white? It lies on the window ledges, It lies on the boughs of the trees, While sparrows crowd at the kitchen door, With a pitiful “If you please?” It lies on the arm of the lamp-post, Where the lighter’s ladder goes, And the policeman under it beats his arms, And stamps—to feel his toes; The butcher’s boy is rolling a ball To throw at the man with coals, And old Mrs. Ingram has fastened a piece Of flannel under her soles; No sound there is in the snowy road From the horses’ cautious feet, And all is hushed but the postman’s knocks Rat-tatting down the street, Till men come round with shovels To clear the snow away,— What a pity it is that when it falls They never let it stay! And while we are having breakfast Papa says, “Isn’t it light? And all because of the thousands of geese The Old Woman plucked last night. And if you are good,” he tells us, “And attend to your A B C, You may go in the garden and make a snow-man As big or bigger than me!” |
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