1921年中国共产党在上海诞生,从此掀开了中国历史的新篇章。2021年是中国共产党成立100周年,“致经典”读诗学英语栏目特别策划“红诗百年”系列,通过赏析双语红色诗歌,学习党的历史,传承红色革命精神。
沁园春·雪
关于《沁园春·雪》的具体写作时间、地点及创作背景说法不一。援引较多的说法是本词创作于1936年2月东征渡河前夕。1936年2月初,毛泽东亲赴清涧县袁家沟侦察渡口情况。适逢天降瑞雪,山间残雪未化,黄河两岸结冰,河道却不冻,水流湍急。毛泽东带领部队涉冰过河,当晚写出了这首《沁园春·雪》。
还有一种说法是,本词是1936年毛泽东东征渡河后途经山西石楼县玉牒镇,夜宿留村贸易客栈时创作的。
(毛泽东手书自作词《沁园春·雪》图片来源:中国共产党新闻网)
1945年8月28日,毛泽东受蒋介石邀请率中共代表团飞赴重庆共商国是。8月30日,毛泽东邀请柳亚子等一干老友于桂园寓所一聚,柳亚子参加过辛亥革命,也曾与毛泽东共事,因二人皆好诗词而相交。席间,柳亚子赠了毛泽东一首七律。10月7日,毛泽东将这首《沁园春·雪》题赠柳亚子,并附信说:“初到陕北看见大雪时,填过一首词,似与先生诗格略近,录呈审正。”11月著名剧作家吴祖光将《沁园春·雪》首次发表,各界纷纷关注,争相传诵,唱和之作蔚为大观。
毛泽东在这首词中采取了时空转换的方式,将“风流”一脉贯穿始终。开篇咏雪便恣显北国雪飘之风流;继而评价赫赫有名的历史人物,纵论“武功有余,文治不足”之历代帝王之风流;卒章之处又一展中国共产党人的伟大抱负。
今天就让我们一起欣赏双语《沁园春·雪》,看江山多娇,赞今朝英雄。
沁园春·雪
毛泽东
北国风光,千里冰封,万里雪飘。望长城内外,惟余莽莽;大河上下,顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇,原驰蜡象,欲与天公试比高。须晴日,看红妆素裹,分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇,引无数英雄竞折腰。惜秦皇汉武,略输文采;唐宗宋祖,稍逊风骚。一代天骄,成吉思汗,只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝。
Tune:Spring in a Pleasure Garden
Snow
Mao Zedong
See what he northern countries show:
Hundreds of leagues ice-bound go;
Thousands of leagues flies snow.
Behold! Within ad without the Great Wall
The boundless land is clad in white,
And up and down the Yellow River, all
The endless waves are lost to sight.
Mountains like silver serpents dancing,
Highlands like waxy elephants advancing,
All try to match the sky in height.
Wait till the day is fine
And see the fair bask in sparkling sunshine,
What an enchanting sight!
Our motherland so rich in beauty
Has made countless heroes vie to pay her their duty.
But alas! Qin Huang and Han Wu
In culture not well bred,
And Tang Zong and Song Zu
In letters not wide read.
And Genghis Khan, proud son of Heaven for a day,
Knew only shooting eagles by bending his bows.
They have all passed away;
Brilliant heroes are those
Whom we will see today!
(许渊冲 译)
clad
adj. covered in a particular thing
--Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary
Eg. The walls and floors are clad with ceramic tiles.
墙面和地板都贴上了瓷砖。
serpent
n.a snake, especially a large one
--Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary
Eg. Eve persuaded by the serpent, persuades Adam to do what was forbidden by God.
夏娃被蛇劝服,说服亚当去做上帝所禁止的事。
advance
v.to move forward towards sb/sth, often in order to attack or threaten them or it
--Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary
Eg. The troops were finally given the order to advance.
部队终于得到前进的命令。
enchanting
adj.attractive and pleasing
--Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary
Eg. Life is an enchanting tree.
生命本是一棵华美的树。
breed
v.to educate sb in a particular way as they are growing up
--Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary
Eg. Fear of failure was bred into him at an early age.
他从小就养成了对失败的恐惧。
今天的几个表达大家学会了吗?
我们下期“读诗学英语”再见!
内容来源:陶明信 《<沁园春·雪>创作的地理环境与历史背景探析》;王今诚 《恢宏大气之章,慷慨飞扬之辞——毛泽东与<沁园春·雪>》;叶乃初《<沁园春·雪>:一代伟人的凌云壮志》
图片来源:中国共产党新闻网。
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