据新华社报道，多国近日报告了一种新型变异新冠病毒奥密克戎，该毒株不同寻常的变异引发全球关注。

 

严防奥密克戎扩散成为全球防疫新目标。26日至27日两天内，已有不少国家针对最早报告新毒株的南非及其周边数国实施跨国航班和旅行禁令，新毒株图片也已经发布。

 

奥密克戎全球首张图片发布

 

当地时间27日，意大利罗马儿童医院科研团队发布奥密克戎毒株的全球首张图片。图片显示，与新冠变异病毒德尔塔毒株相比，奥密克戎毒株拥有更多的刺突蛋白突变。这些变异多样化，且大部分位于与人体细胞相互作用的区域。

德尔塔毒株与奥密克戎毒株刺突蛋白突变对比图

 

奥密克戎突变更多，或更具传染性

 

当地时间26日，世界卫生组织举行紧急会议后发布声明，将这种新型新冠病毒变异株B.1.1.529列为“需要关注的变异株”（Variant of Concern），并命名为奥密克戎（Omicron）。

World Health Organization classified on Friday the latest variant B.1.1.529 of SARS-CoV-2 virus, now with the name Omicron, as a "Variant of Concern" (VOC).

 

 

此前在当地时间24日，博茨瓦纳卫生部门证实，该国22日发现一种新型变异新冠病毒，并正在对其进行研究。新毒株名为B.1.1.529。

 

Health authorities in Botswana announced Thursday that four cases of a new COVID-19 variant now known as B.1.1.529 were reported and recorded on Nov. 22 this year.

 

南非国家传染病研究所25日也宣布，该国共发现了22例B.1.1.529病毒感染者。

 

A new COVID-19 variant B.1.1.529 has been detected in South Africa after 22 people tested positive for it, said the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) on Thursday.

 

CNN：南非科学家警告：新型新冠病毒变种表明可躲避免疫增强传染性

CNN报道称，在新闻发布会上，基因科学家表示新病毒变异带有30多种刺突蛋白突变——病毒通过这种结构进入它们攻击的细胞。

 

During a news briefing, genomic scientists said the variant has an unusually high number of mutations, with more than 30 in the key spike protein — the structure the virus uses to get into the cells they attack.

 

当地流行病反应与创新研究中心负责人图利奥·德奥利韦拉教授表示，这一新病毒变种有“比预期更多的突变”，且“传播很快，估计将在未来数天数周内给卫生系统带来压力。”他建议公众应“尽力避免超级传播事件”。

 

Professor Tulio de Oliveira, the director of the Center for Epidemic Response and Innovation, said the variant has "many more mutations than we have expected," adding it is "spreading very fast and we expect to see pressure in the health system in the next few days and weeks." He advised the public to "try to avoid super spreading events."

 

卫生部门官员也担忧，新变种携带的变异可能会导致传染性增强并帮助其规避免疫系统，而且现在也不清楚这些变异将给疫苗有效性带来何种影响。

 

Officials also expressed concern that the mutation could result in immune evasion and enhanced transmissibility of the virus, but added it is too early to tell what kind of impact the mutations will have on vaccine efficacy. 

 

英国帝国理工学院的病毒学专家托马斯·皮科克日前表示，新毒株B.1.1.529有32处刺突蛋白变异，其中多处变异或将导致对现有疫苗更强的抗药性，称“其令人难以置信的刺突细胞突变表明这可能是值得关注的（变异毒株）”。

 

The B.1.1.529 variant has 32 mutations in the spike protein, the part of the virus that most vaccines use to prime the immune system against Covid. 

 

Dr Tom Peacock, a virologist at Imperial College London, posted details of the new variant on a genome-sharing website, noting that the “incredibly high amount of spike mutations suggest this could be of real concern”.

 

英国伦敦大学学院生物学教授弗朗索瓦·巴卢说，B.1.1.529携带着一系列不寻常的突变，可能是在免疫力低下人员慢性感染期间发生的变异，也可能来自某个未经治疗的艾滋病患者。

 

Professor Francois Balloux, the director of the Genetics Institute at University College London, said that the variant’s mutations are in “an unusual constellation” that “accumulated apparently in a single burst”.

 

He explained that this indicates it could have evolved during a “chronic infection of an immunocompromised person, possibly in an untreated HIV/AIDS patient”.

 

钟南山、张文宏针对“奥密克戎”发声！

 

11月28日，中国罕见病联盟呼吸病学分会第一届全国会议在广州举行，中国工程院院士钟南山出席会议并讲话。在活动中，钟南山接受记者采访时表示，从目前的情况来看，奥密克戎变异株传播速度快，已在南非等地区流行，近期在中国香港也发现了一例。“这个变异株很新，虽然分子基因检测发现，它在受体结合部位有比较多的变化，但是它有多大的危害性、传播会有多快、会不会使疾病更加严重，以及是否需要针对它进行疫苗研发，还要根据情况来判断。现在下结论为时太早。”钟南山表示，奥密克戎变异株的危害性还需要一段时间的判断，需要随时注意，但是现在还不会采取比较大的行动。“还有一个需要比较注意的是，对南非有关地方来的人员进行防控。” 

 

视频来源：小央视频

 

Zhong Nanshan, China's top respiratory expert, said on Sunday that it is too soon to determine the impact of Omicron, how contagious it can be and whether it will cause more severe disease.

 

Speaking to media on the sidelines of a meeting of the respiratory branch of the China Alliance for Rare Diseases in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, Zhong said there will not be immediate massive actions against Omicron. Still, "we need to keep an eye on arrivals from southern African countries and regions where related cases have been found", he said.

 

11月28日，上海市新冠肺炎临床救治专家组组长、复旦大学附属华山医院感染科主任张文宏医生在其个人社交账号发文，就新冠病毒变异毒株奥密克戎发表了自己的看法，其认为对中国目前还不会产生大的影响，中国目前的快速响应与动态清零策略是可以应对各种类型的新冠变种的。

 

The new COVID-19 variant Omicron, which the World Health Organization has termed a "variant of concern" and is more transmissible than the dominant Delta strain, will not have a major influence on China at the current phase, Zhang Wenhong, director of the infectious diseases department at Huashan Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, wrote on his Sina Weibo on Sunday.

 

"China's current strategies of rapid response and dynamically zeroing cases will be able to cope with various types of variants of the novel coronavirus," wrote Zhang, leader of the Shanghai team of experts in the clinical treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia cases.

 

"China is currently accelerating building up scientific support, including reserves of effective vaccines and drugs as well as public health and medical resource that can support China's large-scale opening to the world and empower the country to deal with normalized pandemic fight in the next stage," he wrote.

 

With science and solidarity, the country will cope with the Omicron variant properly just as how it has done with Delta, said Zhang.

 

病毒“新变异”，防疫“好办法”要坚持！

 

11月28日， 央视主播海霞在《主播说联播》中表示，疫情防控是一场总体战、持久战，与科学抗疫同样重要的是团结抗疫。

 

视频来源：央视新闻

”

与德尔塔毒株相比，奥密克戎毒株的传播性更强。多国在确诊病例中发现了奥密克戎毒株，20多个国家和地区因此加强了入境管控，多国股市连日来也受到影响走低。

 

目前我们对变种病毒还要进一步研究，但这种病毒携带的大量突变，对当前的防疫工作提出了更多挑战。病毒变化多端、防不胜防，我们该如何应对呢？新冠病毒再怎么变，它还是新冠病毒，基于科学的防控措施就是最有效的防控武器。专家表示，疫情发生以来，先后出现了上百种变异毒株，很多变种并没有存活下来，大家对此不必过度恐慌，我国的快速响应与动态清零策略具备应对新冠变种病毒的能力。

 

疫情防控是一场总体战、持久战，与科学抗疫同样重要的是团结抗疫。大疫当前，团结合作是战胜疫情的有力武器。疫情发生以来，我国的抗疫成果为世界各国提供了宝贵的经验。尽管病毒“新变异”，有效的防疫“好办法”仍要坚持，像戴口罩、勤洗手、多通风等，都需要大家不折不扣地坚持，咱们千万别大意！当然，接种疫苗仍然是当前最有效的防疫手段，筑起免疫长城还需要我们每个人都再加把劲儿！

”

筑起免疫长城

我们每个人都再加把劲儿！

 

综合来源：新华网 央视新闻 CNN Guardian Independent China Daily